ILSC 2007 Paper #201 (In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of Corneal Damage Induced by 1.57 µm Laser Radiation)
In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of Corneal Damage Induced by 1.57 µm Laser Radiation
Authors:
Daniel Courant, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique; France
Catherine CHAPEL, Commissariat Energie Atomique; Fontenay aux roses France
Christophe POTHIER, Delegation Generale Armement; Arcueil France
Jean-Claude PEROT, Delegation Generale Armement; Arcueil France
Presented at ILSC 2007
A variety of infrared laser sources between 1500-1700 nm is called as "eye-safe". However, in providing protection for the deeper layers of the eye, the cornea is susceptible to thermal damage. The purpose of this study was first, to determine the threshold damage exposure on rab...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #202 (Laser-induced Retinal Injury Threshold Studies with Wavefront Correction)
Laser-induced Retinal Injury Threshold Studies with Wavefront Correction
Authors:
Brian Lund, Northrop Grumman; Brooks City-Base TX USA
David J. Lund, USAMRD-WRAIR; Brooks City-Base TX USA
Peter R. Edsall, Northrop Grumman; San Antonio TX USA
Presented at ILSC 2007
Computer models of laser retinal exposure predict that the retinal injury threshold will decrease with decreasing retinal irradiance area until the beam diameter at the retina is less than 10 micrometers. However, a number of investigations over a range of wavelengths and exposure durations show that the incident energy required to produce a retinal injury in the eye of an anesthetized non-human primate (NH...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #203 (Repetitive Pulses and Laser-induced Retinal Injury Thresholds)
Repetitive Pulses and Laser-induced Retinal Injury Thresholds
Authors:
David Lund, USAMRD-WRAIR; Brooks AFB TX USA
Presented at ILSC 2007
Experimental studies with repetitively pulsed lasers show that the ED50, expressed as energy per pulse, varies as the inverse fourth power of the number of pulses in the exposure, relatively independently of the wavelength, pulse duration, or pulse repetition frequency of the laser. Models based on a thermal damage mechanism cannot readily explain this result. Menendez et. al. proposed a probability-summation model for predicting the threshold for a train of pulses based on the probit statistics for a single pulse and assuming that each pulse is an independe...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #204 (A Proposal How to Deal with Low Power Laser in the New European Directive on Artificial Optical Radiation)
A Proposal How to Deal with Low Power Laser in the New European Directive on Artificial Optical Radiation
Authors:
Hans-Dieter Reidenbach, Cologne University of Applied Sciences; Koeln Germany
Joachim Hofmann, Research Laboratory Medical Technology; Koeln Germany
Klaus Dollinger, Cologne University of Applied Sciences; Koeln Germany
Presented at ILSC 2007
Laser safety philosophy for low power laser is based on aversion responses including the blink reflex since many years and former the description of laser class 2 and 2M in the international laser product standard IEC 60825-1 implied this approach for the case of short intrabeam viewing. By contrast we have found in a...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #302 (Laser Security through Heat Conduction)
Laser Security through Heat Conduction
Authors:
Erwin Heberer, Gela GmbH; Heusenstamm Germany
Joachim Franek, ; Germany
Presented at ILSC 2007
deals not only with the special features of ultra short pulsed lasers but also disputes the physical basics of the security function of laser guard walls in use with high power lasers. By means of an example it is demonstrated that heat radiation is the dominating cooling effect of a laser guard wall. To confirm this, tests with a fiber laser with 4kW and thick guard walls were being made. Through a special test array the influence of heat radiation can be eliminated and the protection effect of heat conduction can be examined. The materi...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #303 (Qualification of Personal Protective Equipment for the Use of Hand-held Laser Processing Devices)
Qualification of Personal Protective Equipment for the Use of Hand-held Laser Processing Devices
Authors:
Thomas Puester, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V.; Hannover Germany
Oliver Meier, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V.; Hannover Germany
Andreas Ostendorf, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V.; Hannover Germany
Dirk Wenzel, Saechsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V.; Chemnitz Germany
Hendrik Beier, Saechsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V.; Chemnitz Germany
Presented at ILSC 2007
Hand-held laser processing devices are constantly finding new applications. Starting with precision welding, now systems are available for cutting, welding, cladding, hardening and clea...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #401 (Local Susceptibility of the Retina, Formation and Duration of After-images in the Case of Class 1 Laser Products and Disability Glare Arising from HB-LEDs)
Local Susceptibility of the Retina, Formation and Duration of After-images in the Case of Class 1 Laser Products and Disability Glare Arising from HB-LEDs
Authors:
Hans-Dieter Reidenbach, University of Applied Sciences Cologne; Koeln Germany
Presented at ILSC 2007
According to the new European Directive on Artificial Optical Radiation (2006/25/EC) the employer has to determine the exposure and the assessment of risks, i.e. workers shall not be exposed above the exposure limit values, which are based on various ICNIRP guidelines. In addition, the employer shall give particular attention, when carrying out the risk assessment, to any indirect effects amongst others such as temporary blinding. Alt...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #402 (Damage Thresholds to the Retina from Elliptical and Array Exposure Sites using CW Lasers)
Damage Thresholds to the Retina from Elliptical and Array Exposure Sites using CW Lasers
Authors:
Paul Maseberg, Fort Hays State University; Hays KS USA
Benjamin Faber, FHSU; Hays KS USA
Robert Thomas, USAF Research Laboratory; Brooks City-Base TX USA
Gavin Buffington, Fort Hays State University; Hays KS USA
Presented at ILSC 2007
A three-dimensional thermal model is used to investigate the damage threshold for hazard assessments of lasers projecting non-uniform or non-symmetric images on the retina. The two source types considered are an array of sources and an elliptical source. In the array of sources, the spacing and size ratios of the sources are va...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #403 (An Advanced Visual Function Tool for Assessment of Laser Induced Retinal Injury in the Absence of Ophthalmic Retinal Evaluation)
An Advanced Visual Function Tool for Assessment of Laser Induced Retinal Injury in the Absence of Ophthalmic Retinal Evaluation
Authors:
Harry Zwick, Walter Reed Army Inst. of Research; Brooks AFB TX USA
Mike Boye, USArmy Medical Research DetachmentWalter Reed Army Inst of ResearchBrooks City Base; San Antonio TX USA
Bruce Stuck, USArmy Medical Research Detachment , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; San Antonio TX TX USA
Peter Edsall, Northrup Grumman Inc; San Antonio TX USA
Andre Akers, USARmy Research Detachment, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; San Antonio TX USA
Presented at ILSC 2007
Laser induced retinal injury occurring u...$28.00
ILSC 2007 Paper #404 (Proposed Changes for the Retinal Thermal MPE)
Proposed Changes for the Retinal Thermal MPE
Authors:
Bruce Stuck, USAMRD-WRAIR; Brooks City-Base TX USA
Karl Schulmeister, Austrian Research Centers GmbH; Seibersdorf Austria
David Lund, USAMRD-WRAIR; Brooks AFB TX USA
David Sliney, US Army CHPPM; APG MD USA
Presented at ILSC 2007
Recently, a number of new threshold values for retinal thermal damage became available that allow a more complete analysis of the dependence of the threshold on the retinal spot size diameter for different pulse durations. The data originate from non-human primate (NHP) models, excised retinas as well as computer models and compare well with each other. A distinctive dependence...$28.00