Product Code: PIC2008_506

Quality and Properties of Laser-deposited Metals
Authors:
Richard Grylls, Optomec; Albuquerque NM USA
James Bullen, Optomec; Albuquerque NM USA
David Keicher, Optomec; Albuquerque NM USA
Presented at PICALO 2008

Laser-Deposition of metals, such as titanium, stainless steel, nickel, and cobalt alloys, has found increasing application in repair and rapid manufacturing. The layerwise additive approach results in unconventional microstructures, and thus can also result in unconventional material properties. With a suitable choice and control of process parameters, the solidifying metal can cool at rates of over 1000°C/s, which can result in very fine microstructures. With suitable heat-treatment, these microstructures can result in exceptional material properties. In turn, these properties can be exploited to provide opportunities for repair of components previously deemed unrepairable, or allow the rapid manufacture of components that might otherwise not be quickly available. As important as the proper microstructure is the assurance that defects are eliminated, or most preferably, not introduced at all. This paper will focus on the relationships that exist between the processing, defects, microstructure, and properties of laser-deposited materials produced by Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS®), and show how these features of the process are being used advantageously in various industries. Particular attention will be given to repair and rapid manufacture of Ti-6-4, Inconel, and stainless steel components.