Product Code: ICAL05_303

A Study of the Phenomenon of CO2-Laser Welding with Filler Wire and CO2-MAG Hybrid Welding
Authors:
Anna Fellman, LUT; Lappeenranta Finland
Antti Salminen, LUT; Lappeenranta Finland
Presented at ICALEO 2005

Laser hybrid welding is today a topic with special interest from both researchers of laser welding and utilizing industry. This is due to the problems of normal autogenous laser welding encountering especially explain case of producing large metal structures.
There are quite a few theories presented how the laser and arc welding processes form a united process. Most of the advantages gained is said to be caused by the fact that the processes act together and support each other.
Some of the phenomena occuring during laser hybrid welding were studied with the help of high speed videography by using special lighting and filtering. These results were compared to results of laser welding with filler wire. The material used was mild steels of thickness 6 mm and butt joint configuration. The videos show how the material is transferred from wire to melt pool or even into the keyhole, if the processes are close enough to each other to act together as a process. With too long a distance between the processes the process is tandem rather than hybrid process. In case of ?tandem process? the welding speed is too high for arc welding process resulting weld with uneven bead. In case of welding steels the leading torch gives more stable process in comparison to trailing torch. This is caused by the more fluent flow of melt droplets when leading torch is used. The leading torch also ensures more even weld bead. In case of filler wire welding the wire is positioned to process such that the wire is fed into melt pool and melted by the laser beam partly inside the keyhole. The welding process with filler wire is much more stable than the laser-hybrid process.

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