• ICALEO 2009 Paper #1403 (Numerical Calculation of Laser Beam Path Influenced by High Temperature Gas Above Specimen during Laser Welding)

    Numerical Calculation of Laser Beam Path Influenced by High Temperature Gas Above Specimen during Laser Welding
    Authors:
    Masami Mizutani, Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University; Ibaraki, Osaka Japan
    Seiji Katayama, Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University; Ibaraki, Osaka Japan
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    It has been generally accepted that the laser beams of about 1 to 1.1 mm in wavelength, such as fiber, disk and YAG lasers have smaller interaction to the media such as plume and plasma between the optics system and the specimen than CO2 laser beam of 10.6 mm. However, we have recently found that weld bead formation is greatly affected by the state o...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1404 (Thermodynamic Evaluation of Inert-gas Laser Beam Fusion Cutting with CO2, Disk and Fiber Lasers)

    Thermodynamic Evaluation of Inert-gas Laser Beam Fusion Cutting with CO2, Disk and Fiber Lasers
    Authors:
    Achim Mahrle, TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
    Eckhard Beyer, Fraunhofer Iws; Dresden Germany
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    Inert-gas laser beam fusion cutting is an established thermal cutting technology for stainless and other high-alloyed steels. At the present time, CO2 lasers are particularly applied for corresponding cutting applications but the nowadays available solid-state disk and fiber lasers seems to be an attractive alternative as efficient cutting heat sources due to their advantages in power efficiency, beam guidance and beam quality. It is consequently anticipated that dis...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1501 (Fiber Laser Welding of Titanium Alloys and Its Monitoring Through the Optical Combiner)

    Fiber Laser Welding of Titanium Alloys and Its Monitoring Through the Optical Combiner
    Authors:
    Barbara Previtali, Politecnico Di Milano; Milano Italy
    Daniele Colombo, Politecnico di Milano; Italy
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    A new monitoring configuration for fiber lasers (FLs) welding processes is proposed in which optical emissions from the welding pool are directly observed through the optical combiner of the FL source with spectroscopic equipment and fast photodiodes. This solution, referred as T.O.C. (Through the Optical Combiner) monitoring, can be easily installed on all FL sources in which an optical combiner is present. As a case study, T.O.C. monitoring in 1 kW cw FL weldi...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1502 (Acoustic Monitoring of Weld Penetration during Laser Welding of High Strength Steels)

    Acoustic Monitoring of Weld Penetration during Laser Welding of High Strength Steels
    Authors:
    Wei Huang, southern methodist university; dallas TX USA
    Radovan Kovacevic, Southern Methodist University; Dallas TX USA
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    High-strength steels are being found of great applications in different industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. In order to achieve a high quality weld with full weld penetration during the laser welding process of the high strength steel, acoustic monitoring based on a microphone is applied to sense the weld penetration in this study. To overcome the obstacle posed by intensive background noise, a noise reduction method called ...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1503 (Spectroscopic Measurements of Plasma Plume for Welding Monitoring)

    Spectroscopic Measurements of Plasma Plume for Welding Monitoring
    Authors:
    Seung Hwan Lee, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
    Jyoti Mazumder, -; -
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    The principle of optical emission spectroscopy is studied to detect laser welding defects. Several welding experiments with galvanized steel sheets were conducted using the CO2 laser for the quality monitoring, under the several worst cases which can easily occur in manufacturing environments. In order to simulate the welding defects such as underfill and bead separation, spacers with different thickness are fed in both ends of lab joint configurations. The gap effects from no gap to 0.5mm between the lap ...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1504 (Closed Loop Control of Laser Welding Processes using Cellular Neural Network Cameras: Measurement Technology)

    Closed Loop Control of Laser Welding Processes using Cellular Neural Network Cameras: Measurement Technology
    Authors:
    Andreas Blug, Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM; Freiburg Germany
    Felix Abt, Forschungsgesellschaft Fuer Strahlwerkzeuge Fgsw; Stuttgart Germany
    Leonardo Nicolosi, Iee Institut Fuer Grundlagen Der Elektrotechnik U. Elektronik; Dresden Germany
    D. Carl, -; -
    Friedrich Dausinger, Dausinger & Giesen Gmbh; Stuttgart Germany
    Heinrich Hoefler, Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques Ipm; Freiburg Germany
    Ronald Tetzlaff, Iee Institut Fuer Grundlagen Der Elektrotechnik U. Elektronik;...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1505 (The Control of Grain Size during Welding and Direct Metal Deposition using Three Dimensional Time-temperature Control Provided by Holographic Beam Shaping)

    The Control of Grain Size during Welding and Direct Metal Deposition using Three Dimensional Time-temperature Control Provided by Holographic Beam Shaping
    Authors:
    Matthew Gibson, Loughborough University; Loughborough Great Britain
    Rebecca Higginson, Loughborough University; Loughborough Great Britain
    John Tyrer, Loughborough University; Loughborough Great Britain
    Matthew Blackmur, -; -
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    When the laser beam is scanned a temperature profile is induced in the workpiece. The temperature distribution will be a function of the beam shape and intensity profile. The use of a circular beam leads to an uneven temperature distribution even w...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1601 (Laser Beam Welding of Dissimilar Materials (Invited Presentation, 20 minutes))

    Laser Beam Welding of Dissimilar Materials (Invited Presentation, 20 minutes)
    Authors:
    Rongshi Xiao, Beijing University of Technology; Beijing Peoples Republic of China
    Peng Dong, Beijing University of Technology; Beijing Peoples Republic of China
    Kai Chen, Beijing University of Technology; Beijing Peoples Republic of China
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    In the modern industrial fields, there is a tendency that more and more parts or structures are compositely made of dissimilar materials, which offers challenges to the joining technology. In this paper, a review of laser beam welding of some dissimilar materials is presented based on the research of the authors group. Th...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1603 (Simulation Of Thin Metal Deformation By Laser Welding)

    Simulation Of Thin Metal Deformation By Laser Welding
    Authors:
    Takeji Arai, Chuo University; Tokyo Japan
    Noritaka Asano, -; -
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    The thermal deformation of the metal is very important factor for the laser welding technology. For a highly accurate welding with sheet metal by the laser, it is necessary to understand the distortion caused by laser processing to a highly accurate welding. At the first, to clarify the deformation values quantitatively when the laser welding of sheet metal, bead on plate by the moving heat source with continuous wave oscillations on the plate was done. It is considered the standard to know the deformation of laser welding. By using...

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  • ICALEO 2009 Paper #1604 (Laser Absorption in CO2 Laser Welding of Medium, High and Ultra High Strength Steels)

    Laser Absorption in CO2 Laser Welding of Medium, High and Ultra High Strength Steels
    Authors:
    Azim Ahmad, Lappeenranta University of Technology; Lappeenranta Finland
    Veli Kujanpää, Lappeenranta University of Technology; Lappeenranta Finland
    Presented at ICALEO 2009

    Absorption varies quite a lot in laser welding. Accurate measurement of absorption in laser welding is also a challenging problem. Usually a calorimeter is commonly employed for measuring absorption. In this paper an alternative approach is presented for measuring absorption in laser welding of lean duplex LDX2101 and austenitic stainless steels of type 301 LN and 316 L based on the temperature distribution in the heat...

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